Wednesday, May 21, 2008

FAQ: glioma vs glioblastoma

Been getting a couple questions about brain tumors lately. Obviously because of Ted Kennedy (so sad) but also because of a family member recently diagnosed with glioblastoma (also very sad). Here goes:
A glioma is a tumor that arises from cells in the brain called glial cells. Basically these are all the cells in the brain that aren't neurons; they are the "glue" that holds the neurons together. Any tumor that comes from glial cells is called a glioma. But each kind of glial cell (for example astrocytes or oligodendrocytes) can have its own tumor arise from it, and each tumor has its own name. A tumor arising from astrocytes is called an astrocytoma. A tumor arising from oligodendrocytes is called an oligodendroglioma. These are types of gliomas.
Astrocytomas comprise 80% of primary brain tumors in adults. (Primary simply means that the tumor doesn't originate as cancer somewhere else in the body and metastasize to the brain.) There is a spectrum of badness for astrocytomas. Grade IV astrocytomas are the most aggressive and have a special name: glioblastoma. (I didn't come up with this naming system, people.)
Contrary to popular belief (or my interpretation of popular belief, I guess), brain tumors rarely present with headaches. This is because there are NO nerve endings in the brain, so tumors don't cause pain. Crazy, right??? (If there was some way to get inside your skull pain-free, you could undergo brain surgery without anesthesia.) They usually present in one of two ways: with seizures (a la Ted Kennedy), or with something called mass effect. Mass effect means the signs and symptoms that arise from having a mass in the brain, since the brain really doesn't like to be pushed around inside the skull. Symptoms include mostly nausea and vomiting, though a classic sign is vomiting without nausea. One more time: headaches rarely mean brain tumor.
Hmmmm....any other burning questions about brain tumors?....

3 comments:

Anonymous said...

Any questions about secrets to happiness?

Anonymous said...

hmmm...that I definitely don't have answers to. maybe...nap a lot. eat cheese. sleep in. drink wine with friends. that's all I got. :)

LoriWms said...

When the doctors say gbm is fast growing, how fast do they mean ? Does anyone know ? days, weeks, months ? February 28th (2012), my husband had the primary gbm tumor resected, but not the offshoots. Now, a month and a half later, he's undergoing chemo (Temodar) and proton radiation. The radiaton tech showed me the scan of his brain before they did the first treatment, there were at least 5 small (large pea to marble sized) tumors located throughout his brain. Have they been there all this time ? Did they start growing after the primary tumor was removed ? The doctors also told us the treatment would slow down the growth but not stop it.